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The Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (''Afrikaner Resistance Movement'') (AWB) is a South African far-right〔 separatist political and paramilitary organisation, since its founding in 1973 dedicated to secessionist Afrikaner nationalism and the creation of an independent Boer-Afrikaner republic or "'" in part of South Africa. In its heyday in the 1980s and 1990s, when the nation was moving toward sharing political power with blacks, the organisation received much publicity.〔"Separation, even after apartheid; Many whites fear for life after Mandela," (21 June 2013) ''National Post'', Ontario〕〔"The AWB is a rump of beer-bellied whites sporting over-tight khaki uniforms and an ersatz swastika emblem made out of three 7s. Its members are the leftovers of the National Party revolution in the 1940s that demanded that the poor white Afrikaner dirt farmers have a part in the growing European immigrant white middle class."〕〔 When the Afrikaners' National Party gained control of the government in elections of 1948, it began to introduce official apartheid; in one view to allow the Boers entry into the middle class without challenge from upwardly mobile blacks. This was a period of increased European immigration, from whom Afrikaners also faced competition.〔 As Afrikaners have entered the professional classes since that period and have a place even with a black-majority government, De Klerk's National Party seemed to have succeeded.〔 The AWB was formed in 1973 by Eugène Terre'Blanche and six other far-right Afrikaners. Terre'blanche remained the leader until he was murdered on his farm in 2010. Terre'Blanche was succeeded as leader by Steyn van Ronge. By the late 20th century, media reported that the AWB represented Afrikaners who were not able "to make the leap from the isolated dirt farms even with the huge boost of apartheid."〔 '' The Ottawa Citizen'', 13 Aug 1991 〕〔"Whites Panicking in South Africa," ''Winnipeg Free Press''(April 8, 1994) 〕〔"White Extremists Try to Disrupt de Klerk" (August 12, 1991), ''Pacific Stars And Stripes''〕〔"S. Africa Arrests White Extremist" (December 13, 1982), ''Medicine Hat News''〕〔"Extremists Steal Guns for S. Africa War" (May 30, 1990), ''Elyria Chronicle Telegram''〕〔"Prosecutor Yells Slogans" (January 17, 1989), ''Winnipeg Free Press''〕〔"South Africa Expels Senior U.S. Military Representative" (May 25, 1986), ''Farmington Daily Times''〕〔"Death Threats Shrugged Off (July 30, 1987) ''Winnipeg Free Press''〕 ==History== On 7 July 1973 Eugène Terre'Blanche, a former police officer, called a meeting of several men in Heidelberg, Gauteng, in the then-Transvaal Province of South Africa. He was disillusioned by what he thought were Prime Minister B.J. Vorster's "liberal views" of racial issues in the white-minority country, after a period in which black majorities had ascended to power in many former colonies. Terre'Blanche also worried about what he characterized as communist influences in South African society. He decided to form a group with six other like-minded persons, which they named the ''Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging'' (Afrikaner Resistance Movement) (AWB), to promote Afrikaner nationalism. His associates elected him as head of the group, a position he held until he was killed on his farm in April 2010. Their objective was to establish an independent ''Boerestaat'' ("Boer State") for Boer-Afrikaner people only. It was to be independent of apartheid South Africa, which they considered too left wing and liberal. The AWB was formed to try to regain the ground they thought lost after the Second Boer War: the men intended to re-establish the independent Boer Republics of the past: the South African Republic (''Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek'') and the Republic of the Orange Free State (''Oranje Vrystaat''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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